Finding communities based on propagating labels

This is a fast, nearly linear time algorithm for detecting community structure in networks. In works by labeling the vertices with unique labels and then updating the labels by majority voting in the neighborhood of the vertex.

Usage

cluster_label_prop(
  graph,
  weights = NULL,
  ...,
  mode = c("out", "in", "all"),
  initial = NULL,
  fixed = NULL
)

Arguments

graph

The input graph. Note that the algorithm was originally defined for undirected graphs. You are advised to set ‘mode’ to all if you pass a directed graph here to treat it as undirected.

weights

The weights of the edges. It must be a positive numeric vector, NULL or NA. If it is NULL and the input graph has a ‘weight’ edge attribute, then that attribute will be used. If NULL and no such attribute is present, then the edges will have equal weights. Set this to NA if the graph was a ‘weight’ edge attribute, but you don't want to use it for community detection. A larger edge weight means a stronger connection for this function.

...

These dots are for future extensions and must be empty.

mode

Logical, whether to consider edge directions for the label propagation, and if so, in which direction the labels should propagate. Ignored for undirected graphs. "all" means to ignore edge directions (even in directed graphs). "out" means to propagate labels along the natural direction of the edges. "in" means to propagate labels backwards (i.e. from head to tail).

initial

The initial state. If NULL, every vertex will have a different label at the beginning. Otherwise it must be a vector with an entry for each vertex. Non-negative values denote different labels, negative entries denote vertices without labels.

fixed

Logical vector denoting which labels are fixed. Of course this makes sense only if you provided an initial state, otherwise this element will be ignored. Also note that vertices without labels cannot be fixed.

Value

cluster_label_prop() returns a communities() object, please see the communities() manual page for details.

Details

This function implements the community detection method described in: Raghavan, U.N. and Albert, R. and Kumara, S.: Near linear time algorithm to detect community structures in large-scale networks. Phys Rev E 76, 036106. (2007). This version extends the original method by the ability to take edge weights into consideration and also by allowing some labels to be fixed.

From the abstract of the paper: “In our algorithm every node is initialized with a unique label and at every step each node adopts the label that most of its neighbors currently have. In this iterative process densely connected groups of nodes form a consensus on a unique label to form communities.”

References

Raghavan, U.N. and Albert, R. and Kumara, S.: Near linear time algorithm to detect community structures in large-scale networks. Phys Rev E 76, 036106. (2007)

See also

communities() for extracting the actual results.

cluster_fast_greedy(), cluster_walktrap(), cluster_spinglass(), cluster_louvain() and cluster_leiden() for other community detection methods.

Community detection as_membership(), cluster_edge_betweenness(), cluster_fast_greedy(), cluster_fluid_communities(), cluster_infomap(), cluster_leading_eigen(), cluster_leiden(), cluster_louvain(), cluster_optimal(), cluster_spinglass(), cluster_walktrap(), compare(), groups(), make_clusters(), membership(), modularity.igraph(), plot_dendrogram(), split_join_distance(), voronoi_cells()

Author

Tamas Nepusz ntamas@gmail.com for the C implementation, Gabor Csardi csardi.gabor@gmail.com for this manual page.

Examples

g <- sample_gnp(10, 5 / 10) %du% sample_gnp(9, 5 / 9)
g <- add_edges(g, c(1, 12))
cluster_label_prop(g)
#> IGRAPH clustering label propagation, groups: 2, mod: 0.48
#> + groups:
#>   $`1`
#>    [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10
#>   
#>   $`2`
#>   [1] 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
#>